Abstract : Measures of mortality during the 1990s are presented for the African countries which have collected census and survey data on mortality in their national populations. Mortality trends are assessed in the following manners: by comparing data collected during the 1990s with those from the 1980s, using the retrospective reports of the survival of women's children and siblings collected in Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), and by comparing the DHS estimates with estimates made from data on orphanhood. Under-five mortality is either stagnant or rising in several African countries. However, in some countries, such adverse trends developed too early in the 1980s to be attributable to HIV. The three described approaches to monitoring adult mortality have yielded consistent results in most countries. Adult death rates doubled or tripled between the 1980s and mid-1990s in Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe, while levels of mortality also rose considerably elsewhere in East and Central Africa, but not in West Africa. Increases in mortality are concentrated among young adults, with men being the worst affected overall, although in Uganda the increase in women's mortality is greater.
Notes : English
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