Résumé : Serious human rights violations were committed in Chile under General Augustus Pinochet's rule. In 1988, Chile began a transition to democracy. The state now guarantees free and equal access to the protection, promotion, and recuperation of health, as well as the rehabilitation of the individual. It is a state priority to ensure that this guarantee is implemented through either public or private institutions. The authors describe government family planning policy since the 1960s, the current government program, the availability of contraceptives and sterilization, health impacts, the impact of fertility, and program weaknesses regarding the provision of family planning information to women. Public sector primary care clinics provide IUDs, oral contraception, diaphragms, and condoms free of charge. Tubal ligation, even when necessary for medical reasons, is highly regulated, while most doctors refuse to perform vasectomy. Abortion was legalized in the 1930s to save the life of the pregnant woman or to preserve her health. However, the Catholic Church pressured the government to amend the constitution of 1980 to protect the life of the unborn, effectively outlawing abortion except to save the pregnant woman's life. Adolescents, education, and lack of information; abortion law, information, and health impacts; HIV/AIDS and sexually transmitted diseases; the role of the church; and the role of nongovernmental organizations are discussed, followed by recommendations on family planning information, sex education, abortion, sterilization, and HIV/AIDS.
Notes : Inglés/anglais/English, nbsp;Abstract : Popline (http://db.jhuccp.org/popinform/basic.html) - PIP 121876